防控害虫， 减少农药的使用， 实现有机生产， 提高茶叶品质。
关键词 ： 高山茶园; 丘陵茶园; 游猎型蜘蛛; 物种环境关系; 管理措施
中图分类号：
S 435.711; Q 959.226
文献标识码： A
DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2018488
Studies on the characteristics of the wandering spider sub community in different types of tea plantation
XING Shuwen1， LIANG Xiuxia2， ZHU Hui1， SUN Yanjie1， ZHA Guangcai1
（1. School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology， Hanshan Normal University， Chaozhou 521041， China;
2. Library of Hanshan Normal University， Chaozhou 521041， China）
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of environmental factors and management conditions on the sub communities of wandering spiders in three types of tea plantation. The survey was carried out in a high mountainous tea plantation， medium mountainous tea plantation and low mountainous tea plantation in the Fenghuang Dancong tea production area， located in Chaozhou， Guangdong province. The ecological sub communities were evaluated by using the diversity index， NMDS ordination， perMANOVA test， SIMPER analysis and RDA ordination. The high mountainous tea plantation had the highest species and individual numbers of wandering spiders identified， followed by medium mountainous tea plantation and low mountainous tea plantation. In addition， the species abundance of the sub communities of wandering spiders in high mountainous tea plantation were significantly higher than that in the other two tea plantations， and the diversity indexes in the high and medium mountainous tea plantations were significantly higher than that in the low mountainous tea plantation， whereas the dominance index of low mountainous tea plantation was higher than that of high and medium mountainous tea plantations. The results of NMDS ordination and SIMPER analysis showed that there were significant differences in the composition of spider community in three kinds of tea plantations. The average dissimilarity between high and medium mountainous tea plantations was relatively small （28.90%）， and the average dissimilarity between high and low mountainous tea plantations was higher （52.13%）. Multiple comparison analysis indicated that the overall difference in the sub community of wandering spiders significantly varied among the three kinds of tea plantations （P<0.05）. The results of RDA ordination and SIMPER analysis showed that the altitude， with an independent contribution rate of 62.52%， was the main environmental variable factor affecting the composition and distribution of wandering spiders. The herbicide and coverage of tea trees were the secondary environment variable factors， and their independent contribution rates were 9.155% and 10.99%， respectively. The other environmental factors had little effect on the composition and structure of wandering spider sub community. The results suggested that the preservation of peripheral natural habitats in the development of tea plantation is beneficial to the protection of wandering spider sub community in tea plantations， which can make a better use of spiders for the prevention and control of pests， reducing the use of pesticides， realizing organic production and improving tea quality.
